Cao, Xianghua
Liu, Xueliang
Zhang, Xingxing
Zhang, Kefang
Chen, Chuan
Yang, Qinfeng
Wang, Jian
Li, Xueping
Wei, Ling
Article History
Received: 6 November 2023
Accepted: 15 January 2024
First Online: 24 January 2024
Declarations
:
: Not applicable. Administrative permissions were required to access the raw data used in this study and the corresponding author’s (Xueping Li) work unit (Department of Anesthesiology, Dongguan Tungwah hospital, Dongguan, China.) has already granted permission from Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) to access Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Nationwide Databases. However, this observational study used identified publicly available data, hence there was no requirement for consent to participate and it was deemed exempt by the ethics committee. So there is no need to grant permission in the Ethics approval and consent to participate section. What is more, the data used in this study were no need anonymized before its use. All methods are carried out following relevant guidelines and regulations. The data used in this study were not need anonymized before its use.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.