Kulbay, Aysel
Joelsson-Alm, Eva
Tammelin, Ann
Funding for this research was provided by:
Karolinska Institute
Article History
Received: 2 June 2020
Accepted: 2 June 2021
First Online: 15 June 2021
Declarations
:
: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Participation was voluntary. The study was approved by the Chief Medical Officer at both study hospitals. Permissions were also obtained from Head of the Departments and the Head Nurses concerned. Consent was implied when nurses voluntarily returned the answered questionnaires. Collected data did not include patients or relatives or sensitive personal information as stated in the Swedish Act, why no ethical approval was required under the Swedish Act concerning the Ethical Review of Research Involving Humans, from the Ministry of Education and Research [CitationRef removed]. Data were analyzed on group level. Neither the Head Nurses nor other managers did receive any information concerning who answered the questionnaires and who did not. None of the researchers had any professional or private relation to any of the study participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.