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Article History

Received: 11 May 2024

Accepted: 23 July 2024

First Online: 5 August 2024

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted by obtaining the code of ethics (IR.TUMS.FNM.REC.1402.091) from the ethical committees of the Nursing & Midwifery Faculty of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. After obtaining the approval of ethics committee and the necessary permits from the relevant officials, the researcher presented himself to the directorates of selected hospitals. A well-trained and experienced research assistant explained to nurses about the study objectives and their participation was voluntary and refusal to participate would not result in any negative consequences. All the participants were assured of the confidentiality of all the information of the research and only the researchers have access to the data. Then informed consent was obtained from all of the participants in the study. Finally, the results of the study were given to the hospitals under research.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.