,
Davies, Justine
Chu, Kathryn
Tabiri, Stephen
Byiringiro, Jean Claude
Bekele, Abebe
Razzak, Junaid
D’Ambruoso, Lucia
Ignatowicz, Agnieszka
Bojke, Laura
Nkonki, Lungiswa
Laurenzi, Christina
Sitch, Alice
Bagahirwa, Irene
Belli, Antonio
Sam, Napoleon Bellua
Amberbir, Alemayehu
Whitaker, John
Ndangurura, Denys
Ghalichi, Leila
MacQuene, Tamlyn
Tshabalala, Ntombekhaya
Fikadu Berhe, Derbew
Nepomuscene, Ntezimana Jean
Agbeko, Anita Eseenam
Sarfo-Antwi, Frederick
Babar Chand, Zaheer
Wajidali, Zabin
Sahibjan, Fazila
Atiq, Huba
Mali, Yonela
Tshabalala, Zola
Khalfe, Faieeza
Nodo, Olwethu
Umwali, Ghislaine
Twizeyimana, Eric
Mugisha, Nadine
Munyura, Ngirabeza Oda
Nakure, Solange
Ishimwe, Sage Marie Consolatrice
Nzasabimana, Pascal
Dramani, Adams
Acquaye, Jane
Tanweer, Ahmed
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute for Health and Care Research (133135, 133135)
Article History
Received: 7 December 2023
Accepted: 31 January 2024
First Online: 4 April 2024
Declarations
:
: This study has received approval from ethical review boards (ERBs) in Ghana (GHS-ERC 014/09/22), Pakistan (2022–7372-23339), Rwanda (NHRC/2022/PROT/044), and South Africa (N22/07/079). The University of Birmingham accepted the local ethics approvals for this project in lieu of the requirement for full ethics review. All methods will be performed in accordance with the ethical approvals of the relevant countries and the existing rules and regulations. All methods will be performed in accordance with Declaration of Helsinki and local ethical regulations.Before inclusion, participants will receive written and verbal information about the purpose of study, anonymity, confidentiality and the right to withdraw. Full informed consent will be sought from all research participants who are 18 years of age or older; child assent and parent/guardian informed consent will be sought for minors. Most of the research involves answering survey questions and taking part in discussions. There are no invasive procedures done as part of this research and no alterations to care as a result of taking part in the research. Participants will not be incentivized to take part in the research but will be offered compensation for their time, travel and loss of earning incurred in taking part in the study.It is likely that some of the participants (for example, those who have suffered neurotrauma) will not be able to give fully informed consent. In these cases, we will seek consent from a relative, and it is likely in these circumstances that the relative will answer questions – when appropriate – on behalf of the participant. These cases will be noted and results excluded in sensitivity analyses.Data will be collected using REDCap electronic data capture tools hosted at University of Birmingham with all personal identifiers removed or disguised. Data will be handled and analyzed in accordance with the UK General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.