Document is current

Article History

Received: 17 February 2023

Accepted: 12 August 2023

First Online: 31 August 2023

Declarations

:

: All data were obtained electronically and recorded from longitudinal secondary data sources at the national and regional level, separately in each included country. IQVIA received exclusively aggregate-level results from each country, in which study individuals in the countries cannot be identified. IQVIA did not have access to the individual-level data at any time during the study. Thus, no ethical approval and informed consent were required for this multi-country study.

: Not applicable.

: DV has received research grants from Bayer A/S, Sanofi, Novo Nordisk A/S and Boehringer Ingelheim. She holds shares in Novo Nordisk A/S. PE is investigator of a research grant to the Brigham and Women’s Hospital from Boehringer Ingelheim. DY has received consulting/lecture fees from Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Novo Nordisk Pharma Ltd., Ono Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., and Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, and grants from Arkray Inc., Novo Nordisk Pharma Ltd., Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim, Ono Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Taisho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, and Terumo Corporation. DJK has received grants support from Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Sanofi-Aventis Korea, Jeil Pharmaceutical Chong Kun Dang, speaker fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Novo Nordisk, Boryung, Hanmi, Novartis, Donga ST, Celltrion, AstraZeneca and Dong Wha Pharmaceuticals. WHHS has been an advisor and/or speaker for AstraZeneca, Bayer HealthCare, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eli Lilly and Company, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company. RWH works at Ulm University, which received funds to conduct this study. RWH had no decision on the use of these funds, and he reports no additional conflict of interest. JN reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Rovi, Novo Nordisk, and Vifor Pharma (outside the submitted work). SH has received speaker fees from Sanofi, Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, Pfizer and Bristol-Myers Squibb. GL has received consulting/lecture fees from Sanofi and Boehringer Ingelheim. AK has received research grants and consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim; research grants from Astra Zeneca; research grants, consulting fees, and speaker fees from Novo Nordisk. TN has received unrestricted grants from AstraZeneca and NovoNordisk and has been a national advisor of Abbot, Amgen, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi-Aventis, Eli Lilly, MSD and Boehringer Ingelheim. LN has received speaker honoraria from Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, MSD, Astra Zeneca; research support from Novo Nordisk to the hospital; and has participated in the scientific advisory boards of Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Zeneca, MSD and Novo Nordisk. SG is an employee of IQVIA and contracted by Boehringer Ingelheim to interpret the results, write, review and revise the manuscript. RK and FH are employees of IQVIA contracted by Boehringer Ingelheim to conduct the analyses. MC, JF, CS and SFF are employees of Boehringer Ingelheim. LK is employee of Eli Lilly and Company and owns stock in Eli Lilly and Company. KK has acted as a consultant, speaker or received consultation/lecture grants for investigator-initiated studies for Astra Zeneca, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi-Aventis, Lilly and Merck Sharp & Dohme, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer. FZ has received speaker fees from Boehringer Ingelheim and Napp Pharmaceuticals. AS works at the University of Birmingham which received funds for the conduct of this study and had no decision on the use of these funds, and she reports no further conflict of interest. KN has been awarded research grants from the NIHR, the UKRI/MRC, the Kennedy Trust for Rheumatology Research, Health Data Research UK, the Wellcome Trust, the European Regional Development Fund, the Institute for Global Innovation, Boehringer Ingelheim, Action Against Macular Degeneration Charity, Midlands Neuroscience Teaching and Development Funds, the South Asian Health Foundation, Vifor Pharma, the College of Police and CSL Behring (all payments were made to his academic institution); he also received consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi, Cegedim and MSD, and holds a leadership/fiduciary role with NICST, a charity, and OpenClinical, a social enterprise. SL, ECHT, CMC, KHH, BC declare that they have no competing interests.