Raman, Jaishree http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0728-3093
Gast, Laura
Balawanth, Ryleen
Tessema, Sofonias
Brooke, Basil
Maharaj, Rajendra
Munhenga, Givemore
Tshikae, Power
Lakan, Vishan
Mwamba, Tshiama
Makowa, Hazel
Sangweni, Lindi
Mkhabela, Moses
Zondo, Nompumelelo
Mohulatsi, Ernest
Nyawo, Zuziwe
Ngxongo, Sifiso
Msimang, Sipho
Dagata, Nicole
Greenhouse, Bryan
Birkholtz, Lyn-Marie
Shirreff, George
Graffy, Rebecca
Qwabe, Bheki
Moonasar, Devanand
Funding for this research was provided by:
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGFMELIM1)
Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (QPA-M-LSDI)
Article History
Received: 13 February 2020
Accepted: 6 April 2020
First Online: 15 April 2020
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: Approval for this study was received from the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Department of Health, the Health Ethics Review Committee of the University of Witwatersrand (M170869), and Advarra Research Compliance Solutions (Maryland, USA). The University of Pretoria holds ethical approval for the genotyping analysis from the University of Pretoria’s Health Sciences Committee (406-2014). All individuals over 2 years of age present at the selected household or visiting KwaPhuza border market were invited to participate in the study. Prior to blood sampling and survey administration, written consent was obtained from individuals ≥ 18 years of age, with written consent from a guardian/caregiver/parent of individuals between 2 and 18 years. Assent was also obtained from children aged between 6 and 18 years.
: Consent to publish the data presented in this paper was obtained from the South African National and KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Departments of Health and National Institute for Communicable Diseases.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.