Han, Ying http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4291-0219
Xu, Chuanhai
Zhang, Liangwen http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5053-8122
Wu, Yafei http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3937-0263
Fang, Ya http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9895-3234
Funding for this research was provided by:
the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation ((grant number 2020M671949))
the National Natural Science Foundation of China ((grant number 81973144))
Article History
Received: 21 November 2022
Accepted: 6 July 2023
First Online: 29 July 2023
Declarations
:
: The present study was approved by the Biomedical Ethics Review Committee of Peking University (IRB00001052–11015). Ethics approval for the use of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data was obtained from the University of Newcastle Human Research Ethics Committee (H-2015-0290). All methods were conducted in accordance with the guidelines and regulations of the Declaration of Helsinki, and all the participants or their legal representatives gave their written informed consent before any study procedures began.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.