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Article History

Received: 31 January 2024

Accepted: 27 March 2024

First Online: 2 April 2024

Declarations

:

: The Research Ethics Board at University Health Network approved the study protocols, and the study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 2008 Declaration of Helsinki.

: Informed consent was obtained from substitute decision makers prior to enrolment. If no substitute decision maker was available and to facilitate timely evaluation, eligible patients were enrolled by deferred consent and consent for the use of study data was obtained from study participants once they regained capacity.

: Dr. Coiffard reports receiving support for attending meetings and/or travel from Biotest. Dr. Telias reports receiving consulting fees from MBMed SA, and support for presentation from Medtronic and Getinge. Dr. Brochard reports receiving grants from Medtronic, Stimit, and Vitalaire and support for attending meetings and/or travel from Fisher Paykel. Dr. Slutsky reports receiving consulting fees from Stimit. Drs. Beck and Sinderby have been reimbursed by Maquet Critical Care (Solna, Sweden) for attending several conferences; JB and CS have participated as a speaker in scientific meetings or courses organized and financed by Maquet Critical Care; JB and CS, through Neurovent Research, serve as consultants to Maquet Critical Care. The following disclosure was agreed upon by University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, St-Michael's Hospital and the REBs of Sunnybrook and St-Michael's to resolve conflicts of interest: Drs. Beck and Sinderby have made inventions related to neural control of mechanical ventilation that are patented. The patents are assigned to the academic institution(s) where inventions were made. The license for these patents belongs to Maquet Critical Care. Future commercial uses of this technology may provide financial benefit to Dr. Beck and Dr. Sinderby through royalties. Dr. Beck and Dr. Sinderby each own 50% of Neurovent Research Inc (NVR). NVR is a research and development company that builds the equipment and catheters for research studies. NVR has a consulting agreement with Maquet Critical Care. Dr. Goligher reports receiving grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and National Sanitarium Association; consulting fees from Lungpacer Medical, Stimit LLC, and Bioage; honoraria for lectures from Vyaire, Draeger, and Getinge; advisory board participation for Getinge (current) and Lungpacer (previous); and receipt of equipment for research from Timpel and Lungpacer.