Kanza, Eric M.
Nyathirombo, Amos
Larbelee, Jemmah P.
Opoku, Nicholas O.
Bakajika, Didier K.
Howard, Hayford M.
Mambandu, Germain L.
Nigo, Maurice M.
Wonyarossi, Deogratias Ucima
Ngave, Françoise
Kennedy, Kambale Kasonia
Kataliko, Kambale
Bolay, Kpehe M.
Attah, Simon K.
Olipoh, George
Asare, Sampson
Mumbere, Mupenzi
Vaillant, Michel
Halleux, Christine M.
Kuesel, Annette C. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1696-1784
Funding for this research was provided by:
UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (WHO/TDR), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland (WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR, WHO/TDR)
Article History
Received: 30 April 2023
Accepted: 7 December 2023
First Online: 15 March 2024
Declarations
:
: As previously reported [CitationRef removed, CitationRef removed], the protocol, information documents for potential participants, participant consent and assent forms and study conduct were approved by the Ghana Food and Drugs Authority and the Ghana Health Service Ethics Review Committee, the Liberia Ministry of Health and Social Welfare and the Ethics Committee of the Liberia Institute for Biomedical Research, the Ministère de la Santé Publique of DRC and the Ethics Committee of the Ecole de la Santé Publique Université de Kinshasa in DRC and the WHO Ethics Review Committee.Participants documented their consent or assent with parental consent to study participation through signature or thumbprint in the presence of a literate witness in their villages.
: ACK and CMH are staff of WHO which funded the work of all co-authors on the study whose data are analysed here through its department UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR). ACK retired from WHO in March 2023.