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Article History

Received: 1 May 2019

Accepted: 9 September 2019

First Online: 21 October 2019

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Boards and/or Independent Ethics Committees at each investigational centre and all patients provided written informed consent.

: Not applicable.

: PGC has been a consultant for AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Flexion, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Pfizer Inc and Roche, and has been a member of the speakers’ bureau for AbbVie, Novartis and Roche. MØ has received grants or research support from AbbVie, Centocor and Merck, and has been a consultant and/or a member of the speakers’ bureau for AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Centocor, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Hospira, Janssen, Merck, Mundipharma, Novartis, Novo, Orion, Pfizer Inc, Regeneron, Roche, Schering-Plough, Takeda, UCB and Wyeth. OT has been a consultant for AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Horizon, Lilly and Pfizer Inc, has been a member of the speakers’ bureau for AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celgene, Horizon, Novartis, Pfizer Inc, Sanofi-Genzyme and Takeda, and has received grants or research support from AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Centocor, Corrona, Novartis and Pfizer Inc. MAB is an employee of Imorphics Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Stryker Corp. GG was an employee of Imorphics Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Stryker Corp, at the time the research was conducted. AS is an employee of IQVIA Inc and has acted as a paid consultant to Pfizer Inc in connection with analysis of study data. BW and AK were employees of Pfizer Inc at the time the research was conducted. ZX, JA and DC are employees and shareholders of Pfizer Inc.