Scherer, Ronny http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3630-0710
Siddiq, Fazilat http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3811-6124
Nilsen, Trude http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1640-4598
Funding for this research was provided by:
Norges Forskningsråd (331640)
Article History
Received: 29 October 2022
Accepted: 25 January 2024
First Online: 14 February 2024
Declarations
:
: This review article utilizes the primary study data of the IEA ICILS and the secondary study data published in the eligible articles. Ethics approval and consent to participate concerning ICILS were organized and given by the national ICILS centres in the participating countries and conformed to the IEA ethical standards. For more details, please refer to the respective ICILS documentation (e.g., the ICILS 2013 and 2018 technical reports). The secondary study data were based summary data of the primary study data sets, so that no additional ethics approval or consent were required.
: We provide our consent to publish this manuscript upon acceptance in the Springer open-access journal “Large-scale Assessments in Education”. No further consent is required.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.