Witt, Johanna
Krieter, Joachim
Büttner, Kathrin
Wilder, Thore
Hasler, Mario
Bussemas, Ralf
Witten, Stephanie
Czycholl, Irena
Funding for this research was provided by:
Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
Article History
Received: 2 October 2023
Accepted: 21 January 2024
First Online: 25 January 2024
Declarations
:
: No animal experiments were carried out. By nature of welfare assessment protocols, the indicators used should not pose harm the animals. All procedures (e.g., marking of animals, routine health checks) were carried out primarily for the farmers’ management purposes and not for scientific ones. The animals in the study were normally farmed animals and were housed conventionally or according to the EU organic scheme [CitationRef removed]. In both cases, the animals were kept according to EU as well as national law (‘German Animal Welfare Act’ (German designation: TierSchG) [CitationRef removed] and the ‘German Order for the Protection of Production Animals used for Farming Purposes and other Animals kept for the Production of Animal Products’ (German designation: TierSchNutztV, [CitationRef removed])).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.