Article History
Received: 25 May 2020
Accepted: 24 May 2021
First Online: 30 June 2021
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
: Since in this study only students’ essay papers were used without any names on top of the papers but numbers to be able to relate the students’ pretest papers to their posttests, ethical approval was not sought. However, at the beginning of the semester, all students in both experimental and control groups were informed that they are part of this study, and they were told that they are free not to participate in this study and they are free of not handing in their essay papers to the researcher. Although the essay papers in the pretest and posttest did not have any names on top of the paper, students were asked at the beginning of the semester to write the following statement on top of their pretest first assignment: “I understand that I will not benefit directly from participating in this research”.
: On behalf of my co-authors and as a corresponding author of this paper, I declare that the journal has the authors’ permission to publish the relevant contribution.