Article History
Received: 6 December 2021
Accepted: 29 May 2022
First Online: 11 June 2022
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Social and Human Sciences Research Ethics Committee (74555795-050.01.04-) and the institution (2020-05-16T14_45_48). All participants in this study gave their consent to study voluntarily. The frontline healthcare workers and general populations were asked to complete the online survey. An informed consent in the first page of online survey was given to all participants before filling the questionnaire. For COVID-19 inpatients, the researchers with the personnel protective equipment described the survey to the COVID-19 inpatients and obtained their oral and written consent. Then, the data were self-reported by patients.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.