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Authors
Advani, Nikhil
Bhat, Amruta Gajanan
Balu-Iyer, Sathy
Ramanathan, Murali
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Article History
Received: 20 October 2025
Accepted: 20 December 2025
First Online: 21 January 2026
Declarations
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: Artificial intelligence-enabled tools, such as Grammarly, Microsoft Word, and ChatGPT, were used to improve readability and language. Bibliographic tools, including Google and EndNote, helped curate references, add citations, and generate bibliographies. The generative AI features of graphics tools, like Adobe Illustrator, were utilized to create prototypes for some figures.
: Nikhil Advani has nothing to disclose.Amruta Gajanan Bhat has nothing to disclose.Sathy Balu-Iyer’s patents have been licensed by three biotech companies Immunomodulatory Therapies, Truvai Biosciences, and Immunotolerx.Murali Ramanathan received research funding from the Gates Foundation, National Multiple Sclerosis Society, the Department of Defense, and the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke. He receives a royalty from a self-published textbook.
