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Article History

Received: 12 September 2022

Accepted: 18 January 2023

First Online: 14 February 2023

Disclosure

: Author Yuko Kitagawa is Editor in Chief of Annals of Gastroenterological Surgery and author Satoru Matsuda is Editor of Annals of Gastroenterological Surgery. Authors Yosuke Morimoto, Satoru Matsuda, Hirofumi Kawakubo, Kohei Nakamura, Ryota Kobayashi, Kazuhiko Hisaoka, Jun Okui, Masashi Takeuchi, Eriko Aimono, Kazumasa Fukuda, Rieko Nakamura, Hideyuki Saya, and Hiroshi Nishihara have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose. Author Yuko Kitagawa reports grants from Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.; Taiho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.; Yakult Honsha Co. Ltd.; Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Ono Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.; Tsumura & Co.; Kyowa Hakkou Kirin Co., Ltd.; EA Pharma Co., Ltd.; Medicon Inc.; Kaken Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.; Eisai Co., Ltd.; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory Inc.; Teijin Pharma Limited; Nihon Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.; and Nippon Covidien Inc.; and personal fees from Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation; AstraZeneca K.K.; Ethicon Inc.; Ono Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc.; Olympus Corporation; Nippon Covidien Inc.; Shionogi & Co. Ltd.; Taiho Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.; Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.; Bristol-Myers Squibb K.K.; MSD K.K.; Smith & Nephew KK; Kaken Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.; and ASKA Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. outside the submitted work.

: Patients were recruited in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and this study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Keio University School of Medicine (IRB no. 20190057). Written informed consent was obtained from all patients.