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Authors
Fei, He
Ren, Hu
Wen, Zelin
Sun, Chongyuan
Li, Zefeng
Niu, Penghui
Li, Zheng
Guo, Chunguang
Chen, Yingtai
Zhao, Dongbing https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6770-2694
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Special Research Fund for Central Universities, Peking Union Medical College (3332023024)
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Article History
Received: 2 June 2025
Accepted: 12 October 2025
First Online: 4 November 2025
Disclosure
: The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
: All human studies have been approved by the appropriate ethics committee and have therefore been performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. This study was a retrospective study, and informed consent from the patients was not required. This study was approved by the ethics committee of the National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (no. 17-156/1412).
: All authors have reviewed and agreed to the final version of the manuscript and consent to its submission for publication.
