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Article History

Received: 19 January 2026

Accepted: 20 January 2026

First Online: 12 February 2026

Disclosure

: Dr. Eitan Amir reports receiving honoraria from Seagen, Gilead, and Pfizer. Additional honoraria were directed to his institution from Novartis. He has served in a consulting or advisory role for AstraZeneca and Novartis. This study was funded by operating grant 179884 from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR). This article is a revised and expanded version of the following conference abstracts entitled “Delays in breast cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based analysis,” presented as posters during the following meetings: San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, San Antonio, December 2023. Ko, G., Roberts, A., Li, Q., Liu, N., Zhong, T., Amir, E., Koch, A., Covelli, A., Freitas, V., Reel, E., Eskander, A. Delays in breast cancer surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based analysis. In Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, USA, April 2024. Cancer Res. 2024, 84(9_Supplement), PO3-23-02. Society of Surgical Oncology Annual Meeting, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 2024. Society of Surgical Oncology SSO 2024 Annual Meeting. Ann Surg Oncol 31 (Suppl 1), 1–294 (2024).

: The study was approved by the Research Ethics Board of University Health Network, Toronto, Canada (22-5809) on 8 December 2022.

: Owing to the retrospective nature of the study, formal consent is not required, as per the guidelines of the Research Ethics Board of University Health Network, Toronto, Canada and in accordance with ICES policies.