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Low‐dose TNF augments fracture healing in normal and osteoporotic bone by up‐regulating the innate immune response

Published Online: 2015-03-14

Published Print: 2015-05-01

Authors

Chan, James K

Glass, Graeme E

Ersek, Adel

Freidin, Andrew

Williams, Garry A

Gowers, Kate

Espirito Santo, Ana I

Jeffery, Rosemary

Otto, William R

Poulsom, Richard

Feldmann, Marc

Rankin, Sara M

Horwood, Nicole J

Nanchahal, Jagdeep
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

AO Foundation (F‐09‐23N)

Medical Research Council (MR/K007939/1)

Wellcome Trust (WT096035MA)

Royal College of Surgeons of England Research Fellowship
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Article History

Received: 17 August 2014

Revised: 1 February 2015

Accepted: 13 February 2015

First Online: 14 March 2015

Conflict of interest

: The authors declare the following potential conflict of interest: JN and NJH have filed the patent “Use of proinflammatory compounds for promoting bone formation” GB 0912159.1 (14/7/09), International patent application PCT/GB/2010/001340 (13/7/09), international publication W/2011/007135; JN, JNH, GG, and JKC have filed the patent “Methods for improving fracture healing and bone formation” GB 1022060.6, International application PCT/GB2011/052594 (29/12/2011).

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