Hao, Chonglei https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4695-0442
Dou, Binhong
Yang, Shenghao https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1177-4129
Wang, Haochen
Zhang, Lei
Li, Bing
Cao, Qing
Yang, Huayong
Han, Dong
Niu, Fuzhou https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1847-4920
Article History
Received: 5 February 2025
Accepted: 18 March 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Declarations
: Conflict of interest HYY is an editor-in-chief, DH is an academic editor, and FZN is a young academic editor for Bio-Design and Manufacturing ; they were not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: Ethical approval This study does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.