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Authors
Zhao, Xiao
Wang, Weiwei
Yu, Xiaojun
Kalyon, Dilhan M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2066-0359
Erisken, Cevat https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6337-8022
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Article History
Received: 7 June 2025
Accepted: 9 October 2025
First Online: 16 December 2025
Declarations
: Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: Ethical approval Ethical approval was not required for this study, as osteochondral tissues were obtained post-mortem from a local abattoir where animals were slaughtered for commercial meat production. No animals were euthanized or handled specifically for research purposes.
