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Article History

Received: 6 May 2025

Accepted: 13 August 2025

First Online: 18 February 2026

Compliance with ethics guidelines

: Huan LIU, Zemin LI, Yongchang SUN, Abudureyimujiang AILI, and Chun CHANG declare that they have no conflicts of interest.All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (the Medical Science Research Ethics Committee of the Peking University Third Hospital, approval No. M2023075) and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all participants for being included in the study. Additional informed consent was obtained from all participants for whom identifying information is included in this article. All animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Peking University Health Science Center (No. PUIRB-LA2022692).

: During the preparation of this work, the authors used ChatGPT to improve language and readability. After using this tool, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the publication.