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Authors
Veugelers, Paul J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8996-0822
Grubic, Nicholas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6915-7669
Dabravolskaj, Julia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4420-668X
Maximova, Katerina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9842-1927
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (172685)
Feeding Kids, Nourishing Minds
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Article History
Received: 11 September 2025
Accepted: 1 April 2026
First Online: 24 April 2026
Declarations
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: All study procedures were approved by the Research Ethics Boards of the University of Alberta (Pro00119951, May 12, 2022) and Unity Health Toronto (#22-118, July 21, 2022; #23-201, February 12, 2024) as well as participating school boards, and performed in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: In schools that required written parental consent, parents/guardians were first provided with study information and asked to give written consent for their child(ren) to be invited to participate; students then provided assent on the day of the survey. In schools without this requirement, parents/guardians were informed about the study through an active-information passive-permission consent process, and students provided assent on the day of the survey.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
