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Article History

Accepted: 4 December 2024

First Online: 23 January 2025

Declarations

: The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Army Research Laboratory or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation herein.

: The authors have no relevant financial or nonfinancial interests to disclose.

: This study was performed in compliance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory Institutional Review Board (#19–122).

: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

: N/A. No identifiable data are included in this manuscript.

: The data underlying our findings, which can be used to recreate figures, tables, and statistical analysis in the current study, are available (). The materials for the current experiment are not available, and this study was not preregistered.