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Authors
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (22H03492)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (24K20557)
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Article History
Received: 23 May 2025
Accepted: 16 October 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and all protocols were approved by the Research Ethics Committee at the Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba.
: Before the experiment, all participants provided written informed consent.
: All participants consented to the publication of their anonymized data.
: The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.
