Fruehlinger, Christoph https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5901-9206
Paul, Katharina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9817-740X
Kührt, Corinna https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6418-6479
Wacker, Jan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-7294
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (BE 2443/12-1, HE 2443/16-1, HE 5330/15-1, HI 1780/6-1, MU 3535/7-1, OS 422/7-1, PA 4014/2-2, STA 1035/6-1, STR 615/7-1, WA 2593/9-1)
Universität Hamburg
Article History
Accepted: 5 June 2025
First Online: 1 July 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: The study protocol of the CoScience data set was approved by the ethics committee of the German Society of Psychology (DGPs).
: All participants provided informed consent to participate (Paul et al., ).
: Not applicable.
: This study was preregistered before accessing the data ( ). We have minor deviations from our preregistration to disclose (i.e., exploratory cluster analysis, number of Spearman correlations between average spectral power and sleepiness scores; see Table in the Appendix; Willroth & Atherton, ).