de Montpellier, Emilie
Bernhard, Hannah
Henson, Richard
McConnell, Thomas G. W. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1798-9324
Talmi, Deborah
Funding for this research was provided by:
Economic and Social Research Council (ES/X005240/1)
Medical Research Council (MR N013433-1)
Article History
Received: 9 June 2025
Accepted: 3 November 2025
First Online: 10 December 2025
Ethics approval
: All experiments were approved by the University of Cambridge Psychology Research Ethics Committee (PRE.2022.041).
: All participants provided informed consent prior to participating in these experiments.
: Participants consented to the publication of anonymized data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Data, materials and code are availableĀ on OSF via the following link: . All experiments were preregistered on OSF (Experiment 1: , Experiment 2: , Experiment 3: ). All deviations from preregistration are clearly stated in the method or results sections.