Funding for this research was provided by:
Max Planck Society and Humboldt Foundation
Machine Learning Cluster of Excellence, EXC 2064/1 (39072764)
German Research Foundation (DFG): SFB 1233, Robust Vision: Inference Principles and Neural Mechanisms, TP C1 (276693517)
Article History
Received: 3 October 2025
Accepted: 10 February 2026
First Online: 7 April 2026
Declarations
Conflicts of Interest/Competing Interests: The authors of this article declare no conflict of interest.
Ethics approval: The ethics committee of Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen approved all experiments in this study (Date of approval: June 17, 2020).
Consent to Participate: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
Consent for Publication: All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript to be submitted for publication.