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Article History

Accepted: 5 July 2025

First Online: 4 August 2025

Declarations

:

: The experiments were reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee at the School of Psychology, University of Aberdeen.

: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals who participated in this research.

: All individuals who participated in this research agreed to have their anonymized data published.

: Data and materials for all experiments are publicly available at the Open Science Framework and can be accessed online (). None of the experiments was preregistered.

: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.