Ito, Aine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4408-8801
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Education - Singapore (FY2025-FRC1-007)
National University of Singapore (A-8001370-00-00)
Article History
Received: 16 October 2025
Accepted: 20 January 2026
First Online: 29 January 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval: The study was approved by the departmental ethics review committee at the National University of Singapore.
Consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Data Availability: The materials and data for both experiments are available at .
Code availability: The analysis scripts for both experiments are available at .
Open practices statement: The materials, data and analysis scripts for both experiments are available at . Both experiments were preregistered (Experiment 1: , Experiment 2: ).
Conflicts of interest: The author declares no conflict of interest.