Funding for this research was provided by:
Chinese Scholarship Council
Interdisciplinary research fund, Radboud Teaching and Learning Centre
Article History
Received: 12 February 2025
Accepted: 20 November 2025
First Online: 25 February 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval: The experiments were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Social Sciences (ECSW) at Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands, under the general ethics approval for standard studies conducted at the Donders Centre for Cognition (ECSW.2018.115).
Consent to participate and for publication: Prior to participation, all participants gave written informed consent according to the Declaration of Helsinki and confirmed that they were all over 18 years old. Participants all consented to their data being used for scientific publications only.
Conflicts of interest: The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.