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Authors
Abrams, Kenneth B.
Zhang, Yichen
Wang, Emerald
Folger, Isabel T.
Zivsak, Benjamin C.
Cullen, Nancy A.
Smalley, Isaac M.
Marvin, Catherine M.
Ye, Y. Ashley
James, A. Harrison
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Article History
Received: 24 May 2025
Accepted: 26 February 2026
First Online: 25 March 2026
Declarations
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: Approval for the study was provided by the Carleton College Institutional Review Board. The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all individual participants in the study.
: Informed consent to publish data in aggregate form was obtained from all individual participants in the study.
: (a) The datasets generated during and analyzed during the current study are available in the Open Science Framework repository ( ). (b) The VR software created by the authors for this study is freely available for download ( ). (c) The research was preregistered with AsPredicted (#29182), ( ).
: The authors have no financial or proprietary interests in any material discussed in this article.
