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Article History

Accepted: 21 July 2025

First Online: 28 August 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.

: The survey was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and approved by the local ethics committee of the Psychology Department at Marburg University (proposal number 2020-43k).

: All participants provided written informed consent for participation in the survey.

: All participants provided written informed consent for publication of their anonymous data.

: Matlab, Python and R scripts for generating diagonal within-subject CIs in scatter plots are available at . Data and scripts for reproducing the figures and analysis in the manuscript are available at . The survey was not preregistered.