Hou, Wenwen
Zhang, Linlin
Li, Jing
Funding for this research was provided by:
Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
National Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Program (2022ZD0205100)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (31971009)
Article History
Received: 11 February 2024
Accepted: 27 August 2025
First Online: 5 January 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Child Subjects Ethics Committee and conformed to the ethical standards set by the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: The parents of all children signed informed consent regarding publishing their data.
: None of the data or materials for the experiments reported here is available, and none of the experiments were preregistered.
: The authors declare no conflicts of interest pertaining to this work.