Ishiguro, Sho https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4919-9335
Guitard, Dominic https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4658-3585
Saint-Aubin, Jean https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4799-6912
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (RGPIN-2023-05943)
Article History
Received: 29 May 2025
Accepted: 14 November 2025
First Online: 12 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The current study was approved by the institutional ethics committee at Université de Moncton (reference 2425-022).
: Informed consent for participation was obtained from all individual participants in the study.
: Informed consent for publication of findings and anonymized data was obtained from all participants.
: The authors have no competing interests to declare.
: The materials, anonymized data, and analysis scripts for Experiments 1–4 are available on the OSF ( ). None of the experiments were pre-registered.