Chu, Wei https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0040-5136
Pavlik, Philip I. Jr. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6467-9452
Hu, Xiangen https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9045-4070
Article History
Received: 18 July 2025
Accepted: 4 March 2026
First Online: 15 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: The experiment has been approved by the institutional review board (IRB) of University of Memphis. The IRB#: PRO-FY2024-91.
: Appropriate consent has been obtained from all participants.
: Not applicable.